•연구자: 신소재공학과 신근영
•발표일: 2026.08.06
•DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/d6nr01135g
•Yu Jin Lee et al., Nanoscale (Q1), Volume 18, Issue 30, 16204–16214 (2026)
•Abstract
An integrated piezoelectric–triboelectric hybrid nanogenerator is developed through vertical integration of electrospun zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod-embedded poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers and a microstructured carbon black/polydimethylsiloxane (CB/PDMS) composite layer. The incorporation of one-dimensional ZnO nanorods promotes the formation of the electroactive β-phase in PVDF nanofibers, enhancing strain-induced polarization under mechanical deformation. Meanwhile, the microstructured CB/PDMS layer facilitates regulated charge transport and stabilized electrostatic conditions during contact–separation cycles through optimized CB percolation. Systematic compositional tuning of ZnO nanorod content and CB loading establishes clear correlations among the β-phase fraction, relative permittivity, peak-to-peak output voltage, and peak power density. The optimized device achieves 37.28 V and a peak power density of 34.75 μW cm−2 , significantly exceeding individual piezoelectric and triboelectric outputs. A hybrid coupling enhancement factor is introduced to quantify nonlinear voltage amplification beyond linear superposition, revealing synergistic performance enabled by compositional matching; the observed 3.65-fold enhancement in peak power density relative to the sum of individual contributions further corroborates the nonlinear electrodynamic coupling. The enhanced response is interpreted within a displacement–current framework derived from the Maxwell–Ampère law, demonstrating field-mediated coupling between triboelectric and piezoelectric mechanisms. This work establishes a rational materials design strategy for synergistic performance enhancement in flexible hybrid nanogenerators for mechanical energy harvesting and self-powered sensing applications.